Azelaic acid is naturally found in grains such as rye and barley. It can also be produced by a yeast that naturally lives on skin, known as Malassezia furfur. Unlike glycolic and lactic acid which are alpha hydroxy acids, azelaic acid is a dicarboxylic acid. It can act as an exfoliating agent to remove dead skin cells and improve skin conditions related to breakouts and inflammation.
Chemically, azelaic acid works on the skin as a gentle exfoliant, helping to unclog pores and refine the skin’s surface for a more even complexion. Azelaic Acid also delivers antioxidant benefits. It has anti-inflammatory actions and soothes irritation and inflammation as well as a skin brightening effect and has been found to improve rosacea type skin conditions. Azelaic Acid was found to have an effect in reducing the appearance of melasma and has been shown to have a inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity and so being an effective ingredient in reducing melanin production and pigmentation.
Benefits:
- Acne Treatment: Azelaic Acid is effective in treating mild to moderate acne. It works by reducing the growth of acne-causing bacteria, thereby diminishing inflammation and preventing the formation of comedones (whiteheads and blackheads). Its anti-inflammatory properties can also assist in calming redness associated with acne.
- Hyperpigmentation Reduction: This acid is beneficial in fading hyperpigmentation, such as melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and sunspots. It inhibits the activity of melanocytes, which produce melanin, thereby reducing the appearance of dark spots and promoting a more even skin tone.
- Anti-inflammatory Effects: Azelaic Acid possesses anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for sensitive or rosacea-prone skin. It can help reduce redness, swelling, and irritation associated with sensitive skin conditions.
- Antioxidant and Brightening Properties: As an antioxidant, Azelaic Acid helps neutralise free radicals, protecting the skin from environmental damage. Additionally, it aids in brightening the skin tone and improving overall radiance.
Sources
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jocd.12217 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26355614/
