Glycolic Acid, a prominent member of the alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) family offers a multitude of scientifically-proven benefits.It dissolves the bonds of thickened dead skin cells on the surface of the skin causing exfoliation of the upper surface to reveal newer hydrated heathy skin. It affects the deeper layers of the skin by increasing the gel matrix and creating plumper looking skin, they also reduce pore size and fine lines and wrinkles and can have an effect on reducing the signs of acne prone skin. It has significant effects on the process of keratinisation and stratum corneum exfoliation and has demonstrated anti-aging benefits by increasing synthesis of dermal matrix components including collagen and glycosaminoglycans (e.g., hyaluronic acid). Additional beneficial effects on skin include antioxidant effects, skin barrier strengthening and MMP inhibition. It is the most researched AHA and studies show that glycolic acid, demonstrates the most impressive results for all ages and skin types.
Glycolic acid is special because of its small molecule size which enables it to easily penetrate through the top layers of skin and reveal healthier-looking skin. Glycolic acid also has the ability to hydrate skin and to ‘teach’ skin to retain its natural moisture. When used in concentrations of 5% and upwards, glycolic acid can also improve firmness and resilience while lessening other signs of sun damage. It has also been shown to show an effect on cell proliferation, thus thickening and strengthening the feel and appearance of the skin.
Studies demonstrate that topical glycolic acid provides a photo-protective effect to pre-treated skin yielding an SPF of approximately 2.4. In addition, when glycolic acid is applied to irradiated skin, it accelerates resolution of erythema. The data obtained from both studies support the hypothesis that glycolic acid acts as an antioxidant.
Benefits:
- Gentle Exfoliation and Skin Renewal: Glycolic Acid's small molecular size allows it to penetrate the skin deeply, aiding in the removal of dead skin cells and facilitating cellular turnover. This exfoliating action promotes a smoother skin texture and a more radiant complexion.
- Collagen Production and Anti-Ageing Benefits: Scientific studies suggest that Glycolic Acid can stimulate collagen synthesis. Increased collagen production contributes to improved skin elasticity, diminished fine lines, and a reduction in the appearance of wrinkles, resulting in a more youthful skin appearance.
- Hyperpigmentation and Dark Spot Reduction: The exfoliating properties of Glycolic Acid assist in fading dark spots and hyperpigmentation. By promoting the shedding of pigmented cells, it helps even out skin tone, reducing the appearance of discolouration and sun damage.
- Enhanced Skin Hydration and Moisture Retention: Glycolic Acid's exfoliating action not only removes dead skin cells but also allows for better absorption of moisturisers. This assists in improving overall skin hydration and helps maintain a plump and supple skin texture.
- Acne Management and Pore Refinement: The exfoliative properties of Glycolic Acid aid in unclogging pores, reducing blackheads, and preventing acne breakouts. Additionally, it can help refine the appearance of enlarged pores, contributing to a smoother skin surface.
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Sources:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26032934/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6017965/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9563274/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8634805/
